A new cytotoxic salannin-class limonoid alkaloid, azadiramide A（1）,was isolated from seeds of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Its structure was elucidated by extensive analysis of spectroscopic data and quantum chemical calculation. Compound 1 is a rare salannin-class limonoid alkaloid. To our best knowledge, only two compounds belonging to this type were so far found. It showed inhibitory activity against human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line with IC_（50） value of 2.70±0.63 μmol/L.
Jianxun ZhuXiaofeng LuXiaona FanRuibo WuHongjuan DiaoRongmin YuHanhong XuJiachen Zi
Major depression is a common psychiatric disorder worldwide that imposes a substantial health burden on society. Currently available antidepressants do not meet the clinical needs. Here, we report that Xylocarpin H, a limonoid of Xylocarpus granatum, has antidepressant-like effects in mouse forced swimming and tail suspension tests, two validated models of depression. 7-day oral administration of Xylocarpin H resulted in dose-dependent decreases immobility duration within the dose range of 15 - 50 mg/kg. Xylocarpin H dose-dependently increases the time spent in the central zone at doses of 5 - 50 mg/kg in locomotion activity test. In addition, 7-day treatment Xylocarpus H at 15 and 50 mg/kg doses significantly decreases levels of serum corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) following the acute stress of forced swimming test. Furthermore, these effective doses of Xylocarpin H do not affect locomotor activity and levels of serum corticosterone and ACTH in the absence of stress. In summary, the present study, for the first time, demonstrates that Xylocarpin H exerts antidepressant-like effects in mouse behavioral models of depression, likely by inhibiting HPA axis systems. These data provide primarily basis for developing Xylocarpin H as a novel antidepressant candidate for the treatment of depression and stress related disorders.
Xi YinXin LiYaoguang HaoYiwen ZhaoJinghong ZhouHaishui Shi
A new limonoid,17-(5-methoxy-2-oxofuran-3-yl)-28-deoxonimbolide(1),and a new C21 steroidal saponin,2a,4a-dihydroxy-pregn-5-en-16-one-3a-O-D-glucopyranoside(2),together with 11 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the leaves of Azadirachta indica.The structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis and putative biosynthetic origins.All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against six bacterial strains.
Lu LiuYun-Li ZhaoGui-Guang ChengYing-Ying ChenXu-Jie QinChang-Wei SongXing-Wei YangYa-Ping LiuXiao-Dong Luo
Gastric ulcer is a very common gastrointestinal disorder affecting a large number of people worldwide.It arises due to an imbalance between aggressive(acid,pepsin and Helicobacter pylori infection)and protective(mucin secretion,prostaglandin,epidermal growth factors and bicarbonate)factors in the stomach.In this study,the gastroprotective activity has been investigated of the active constituents from Xylocarpus molluccensis.Antiulcer activity of xyloccensins X?Y was investigated and found to be active in various ulcer models in Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats.To understand the mechanism of action of active constituent of natural products,the effects of the compounds on antisecretory and cytoprotective activities were studied.Air dried fruits were extracted with ethanol and fractionated into four fractions.Xyloccensins X?Y were isolated from the active fraction and was tested against different ulcer models.Xyloccensins X?Y were found to possess anti-ulcerogenic activity.The antiulcer activity might be due to its anti-secretory activity and subsequent strengthening of the defensive mechanism.The present study has helped us in identifying a new lead in the form of xyloccensins that could be exploited in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease.
