脑胶质瘤是成人中枢神经系统中最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,尤其是恶性程度高的胶质母细胞瘤,其预后极差,传统的手术、放疗和化疗等治疗方式效果有限。蛋白酶体抑制剂作为一种新兴的抗肿瘤治疗方式,通过抑制细胞蛋白降解的通路,干扰细胞内蛋白质稳态,进而诱导肿瘤细胞死亡。本文综述了蛋白酶体抑制剂在脑胶质瘤治疗中的作用机制、临床前和临床研究进展,并探讨了其应用前景和面临的挑战。Gliomas are one of the most common malignant tumors in the adult central nervous system, especially highly malignant glioblastomas, which have a very poor prognosis. Traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have limited effectiveness. Proteasome inhibitors, as an emerging anti-tumor therapy, interfere with intracellular protein homeostasis by inhibiting the pathway of cellular protein degradation, thereby inducing tumor cell death. This article reviews the mechanism of action, preclinical and clinical research progress of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of glioblastoma, and explores their application prospects and challenges.
目的:分析探讨不同肠内营养对脑出血昏迷患者医院获得性肺炎的临床影响。方法:选取我院2022年7月至2024年7月收治的100名脑出血昏迷患者,将所有患者按照治疗方法的不同,分为50例对照组和50例观察组,分别采用经鼻胃管肠内营养和经鼻肠管肠内营养这两种不同的肠内营养支持。治疗结束后,比较两组患者的炎症因子检测、营养指标、HAP的诊断、肠道菌群分析等指标差异。结果:1) 分析对比两组患者的治疗总有效率:观察组的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P Objective: To analyze and explore the clinical effects of different enteral nutrition on hospital-acquired pneumonia in comatose patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Methods: 100 comatose patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to our hospital from July 2022 to July 2024 were selected. All patients were divided into a control group of 50 cases and an observation group of 50 cases according to different treatment methods, and received two different types of enteral nutrition support: nasogastric enteral nutrition and nasointestinal enteral nutrition. After treatment, the differences in inflammatory factor detection, nutritional indicators, HAP diagnosis, and gut microbiota analysis between the two groups of patients were compared. Results: 1) Analysis and comparison of the total effective rate of treatment between the two groups of patients: The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). 2) Analysis and comparison of the incidence of complications between two groups of patients: the incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of nasointestinal enteral nutrition support in comatose patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage can impr
