搜索到1828篇“ ANTHRACNOSE“的相关文章
Sensors Applied to Plant Breeding: Leaf Reflectance Indices (LRIs) and Resistance to Anthracnose in Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum
2024年
The present work investigated the efficiency of leaf reflectance indices in the identification of Capsicum annuum L. var. annuum resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. Twenty-five F5:6 families originating from contrasting parents were assessed;the parents were accession UENF 2285 (susceptible to anthracnose) and accession UENF 1381, a hot pepper resistant to anthracnose in the fruit. The experiment was carried out in an experimental field in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between May and October of 2021. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications and five plants per plot. Fifteen LRIs were estimated using a CI-710 portable mini leaf spectrometer. The assessments covered all plant growth after flowering, and a total of six assessments were performed at 15-days intervals, beginning at 35 and ending 120 days after flowering (DAFs). Analysis of variance in a split-plot scheme was performed, as were tests of mean groupings and principal components analysis (PCA). The best period for evaluating leaf reflectance indices in C. annuum var. annuum is 120 days after flowering. The leaf reflectance indices PRI, CNDVI and Ctr2 stood out as effective in distinguishing between resistant and susceptible genotypes.
Rosimara Barboza BispoMaria Do Socorro Bezerra AraújoAntônio André da Silva AlencarCláudia Pombo SudréRosana Rodrigues
关键词:PHENOTYPING
Agronomic Performance, Stability Analysis and Evaluation of Anthracnose Disease Resistance of Common Bean Lines Derived by Marker-Assisted Backcrossing in Uganda
2024年
The present study focused on evaluating the agronomic performance, stability, and anthracnose resistance of common bean lines derived through Marker-Assisted Backcrossing in Uganda. Eight marker-assisted selection (MAS) backcross-derived bush bean lines with red seed types, alongside two checks, were evaluated in a randomized complete block design replicated two times in five locations for three consecutive crop-growing seasons in 2021 and 2022. The study aimed to identify lines with both high stable yields and enhanced resistance to anthracnose disease for potential release and utilization in future bean varietal development in Uganda. Agronomic traits, including days to 50% flowering, days to 90% physiological maturity, seed yield, seed yield components, and anthracnose disease reaction under natural infestation were assessed. The response to anthracnose disease was further assessed using six isolates of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum representing six different races. Results indicated that the agronomic performances of the MAS backcross-derived bush bean lines were statistically comparable to the recurrent parent NABE14. Specifically, six lines exhibited statistically equal to or higher performance than NABE14 in terms of seed yield, total number of seeds and number of pods per plant. The combined analysis of variance for seed yield showed significant (p Co-42 and Co-5 anthracnose resistance genes in the derived line. In conclusion, UGKT-B157-4, identified as the best-performing and stable genotype, demonstrates promise for release and use in future bean varietal development in Uganda, offering a combination of high yields and enhanced anthracnose disease resistance. The study provides valuable insights into the potential of Marker-Assisted Backcrossing in improving common bean varieties in the region.
Stanley T. NkaluboAnnet NamayanjaAnnet NamusokeJane MukabarangaNampijja ShakirahAllan NkuboyePaul GeptsWakjira Tesfahun Jebesa
关键词:MAS
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and Trichoderma shift common vetch(Vicia sativa)physiology and phyllosphere bacteria toward antagonism against anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spinaciae
2024年
Background:Plant phyllosphere microbes are important for the host plant's protection.Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)and Trichoderma are common biocontrol agents(BCAs)for disease management.Pathogens and BCAs can change the rhizosphere microbial composition;however,the effect of PGPR or Trichoderma on plant phyllosphere microbes,particularly for mesocosms involving the interaction between pathogens and BCAs,is not well known.Methods:High-throughput sequencing was used to identify the phyllosphere bacterial community of common vetch interacting with Colletotrichum spinaciae,two PGPRs(Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis),and Trichoderma longibrachiatum.We evaluated anthracnose severity,phyllosphere bacteria diversity and composition,and the relationship between the activities of plant defense enzymes and hormonal molecules in plants treated with individual and combined inoculations of PGPRs,Trichoderma,and C.spinaciae.Results:PGPR or Trichoderma alone reduced disease severity.Trichoderma reduced the salicylic acid content,PGPR increased the catalase activity in plants,and co-inoculation of PGPR and Trichoderma decreased the salicylic acid content.Inoculation of PGPR and Trichoderma individually or in combination changed the disease-associated phyllosphere bacteria,and this effect was related to plant defense enzymes and hormonal molecules.Conclusions:We suggest that the plant defense response induced by PGPR and Trichoderma results in the enrichment of a fraction of favorable chloroplastic bacteria,which facilitates plant defense against diseases.
Rui ZhuWei YanYajie WangYingde LiRongchun ZhengWanqing DongTuo YaoTingyu Duan
关键词:ANTHRACNOSEPHYSIOLOGY
鳄梨炭疽病研究进展
2024年
炭疽病是鳄梨果实采后最常见、最严重的病害之一,可直接导致果实品质下降,影响果实商品性,阻碍我国鳄梨产业发展。本文综合国内外鳄梨炭疽病的相关研究,从鳄梨炭疽病症状、致病病原菌种类、致病机制、发病规律、植株抗病机制及防治措施等方面进行综述,为寻找鳄梨炭疽病有效防治手段提供参考。
杨添雁邓成菊
关键词:鳄梨炭疽病炭疽菌致病机制抗病机制生物防治
瓜类炭疽病研究进展
2024年
炭疽病是一种世界性葫芦科作物的真菌病,主要危害黄瓜、西瓜、甜瓜和冬瓜等。近年来,我国瓜类蔬菜作物的设施种植面积逐年增加,炭疽病危害程度也不断加深,严重影响了瓜类蔬菜的产量和品质,制约了产业效益和瓜农生产的积极性。通过对国内外黄瓜、西瓜、甜瓜和冬瓜生产过程中炭疽病的发病规律、抗炭疽病种质资源现状、病原菌分子生物研究以及抗病育种等方面进行阐述和分析,为瓜类炭疽病研究提供思路,也为瓜类作物高效生产提供参考。
柯佩佩卿东山戴思慧蔡雁平孙小武
关键词:瓜类作物炭疽病基因定位抗性育种
葡萄炭疽病的研究进展
2024年
葡萄炭疽病是一种全球范围内最具破坏性的葡萄病害,该病害主要由葡萄炭疽菌和胶孢炭疽菌引起,感染葡萄的幼嫩组织,如枝干、叶片和果实等。其症状表现为形成圆形或不规则的深褐色斑点,并可导致果实裂开和酸性腐烂,降低产量和品质。葡萄炭疽病的防治可以从农业防治、化学防治和生物防治三个方面入手,包括果园卫生和合理栽培管理、用药杀死病原菌或抑制孢子的萌发、利用生防菌来抑制病原菌的生长和传播等。然而,葡萄炭疽病防治仍然面临挑战,尤其是全球气候变暖可能增加病害发生的风险。因此,未来的研究应着重于选育抗病性品种、提高病害监测和预测能力,以及推广绿色防治技术,从而更有效地控制和减少葡萄炭疽病的影响,保障葡萄产业的可持续发展。
徐小文李科陈小祥李金英查玉平
关键词:葡萄炭疽菌炭疽病生物防治
五倍子树炭疽病菌的分离与鉴定
2024年
盐肤木(Rhus chinensis)是漆树科盐肤木属落叶小乔木植物,在我国境内分布十分广泛。由于该植物的幼叶叶翅受蚜虫寄生刺激后,叶组织膨大形成虫瘿叫作五倍子,可广泛应用于化工和医药等领域,因此盐肤木又被称为五倍子树,属于我国重要的经济树种之一[1]。
徐小文李科张子一黄敏查玉平
关键词:落叶小乔木炭疽病菌盐肤木五倍子漆树科虫瘿
花椒炭疽病的研究进展探析
2024年
花椒炭疽病是花椒主产区的主要病害之一,其防治一直是生产上的难题,严重制约着花椒的产量及品质。从炭疽病发病症状、致病因素、病原菌特性、药剂防治筛选、综合防治建议等方面,归纳总结了前人的研究成果,以期为陇南花椒炭疽病的防治提供参考。
田凤鸣陈强何九军王让军王国斌
关键词:花椒炭疽病症状
油茶炭疽病研究进展与展望
2024年
炭疽病是油茶(Camellia)主要病害之一,发生普遍且危害严重,已成为制约我国油茶产业健康发展的重要因素。该文总结油茶炭疽病病原菌种类、炭疽病病原菌侵染油茶的过程及其流行规律和炭疽病病原菌致病相关基因,并对化学防治、生物防治和抗病育种3个油茶炭疽病防治方向进行综述。根据油茶抗病育种现状,参考其他植物的有效抗病策略,提出全面解析油茶主要栽培种全基因组信息、建立高效稳定的油茶遗传转化体系、持续解析炭疽病病原菌致病基因和深入挖掘油茶抗病或感病基因等研究方向。
黄小娟孙曼曼刘凯廖宏泽
关键词:炭疽病致病基因抗病育种油茶
油茶炭疽病病原菌的分离与鉴定被引量:1
2024年
油茶(Camellia oleifera Abel.)属山茶科(Theaceae)山茶属(Camellia L.)植物,以其高油脂含量和显著的经济价值而著称。但油茶真菌病害种类庞杂,尤其是油茶炭疽病对中国油茶产业有严重的威胁。为了深入探究该病害,本研究在油茶叶片上通过常规组织分离法,分离得到病原菌A和病原菌B。在PDA上培养5 d,通过细致的形态学特征观察进行初步鉴定。对病原菌A和病原菌B进行ITS序列分析,在GenBank中进行同源性比对,以进一步明确其分类地位。通过离体接种和活体接种实验,进行致病性检测。结果表明:结合形态学鉴定和分子鉴定结果,病原菌A为弱致病菌,鉴定为Diaporthe lithocarpus;病原菌B为强致病菌,鉴定为Colletotrichum camelliae。这些发现不仅有助于更好地理解油茶炭疽病的致病机理,也为进一步制定针对性的防治策略提供了重要依据。
李勇刘飞叶锴叶婷婷林豪杰蔡凯夏凯
关键词:油茶炭疽病病原菌鉴定

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