与常规CT (conventional computerd tomography, CCT)相比,C臂锥形束CT (C-arm cone-beam CT, CBCT)引导下的经皮肺穿刺活检术(percutaneous transthoracic lung biopsies, PTLBs)增加了实时成像系统,具有扫描快、实时引导、三维重建、辐射剂量小等优点,因其高成功率、高准确率而被临床应用。CBCT应用可能引发气胸、咯血甚至空气栓塞等并发症,受患者病情、穿刺次数、病变深度和部位、患者状况及年龄等因素的影响。然而,全面比较常规CT和CBCT引导下PTLBs特征的研究较少。因此,本文通过文献综述来探究CBCT引导下PTLBs的术后常见并发症及其相关危险因素,并提出了针对性的预防管理策略,以期降低并发症风险,改善患者的临床预后。Compared to conventional CT, C-arm cone-beam CT (CBCT) guided percutaneous transthoracic lung biopsies (PTLBs) have the advantages of fast scanning, real-time guidance, three-dimensional reconstruction, and low radiation dose due to the addition of a real-time imaging system. They are clinically applied due to their high success and accuracy rates. The application of CBCT may lead to complications such as pneumothorax, hemoptysis, and even air embolism, which are influenced by factors such as patient condition, number of punctures, depth and location of the lesion, patient status, and age. However, there are few studies that comprehensively compare the characteristics of PTLBs under conventional CT and CBCT virtual navigation guidance. Therefore, this article reviews the literature to explore the common postoperative complications of CBCT-guided PTLBs and their related risk factors, and proposes targeted preventive management strategies, aiming to reduce the risk of complications and improve the clinical prognosis of patients.
