随着高层建筑日益增多和建筑设计层次的不断提升,强化建筑物内各项安全系数成为建筑领域的一项重点工作。火灾是普遍威胁公众安全的灾害之一,新加坡在火灾发生时人员伤亡率较低,这与严格的管理密不可分。《消防规范(The Fire Code)》详细界定了建筑物内发生的火灾和行动不便人员撤离火灾现场的各项安全要求。
为了揭示纳米流体热毛细对流的流型结构及其流动换热特性,本文建立了二维矩形区域内纳米流体热毛细对流的数学模型,开展了系统数值研究,获得了矩形腔内热毛细对流的温度场和速度场,分析了传热温差、纳米颗粒的体积分数以及不同材料的米颗粒对热毛细对流的影响。结果表明,在一定范围内,增大传热温差和纳米颗粒的体积分数都可以增大热毛细对流的强度,提升换热强度;当传热温差较大时,矩形腔内会出现扰动,流动变得复杂;纳米流体的换热强弱与Marangoni数的大小呈正相关。To reveal the flow pattern structure and flow heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid thermocapillary convection, this article establishes a mathematical model of nanofluid thermocapillary convection in a two-dimensional rectangular region, conducts systematic numerical research, obtains the temperature and velocity fields of thermocapillary convection in a rectangular cavity, and analyzes the effects of heat transfer temperature difference, volume fraction of nanoparticles, and different materials of rice particles on thermocapillary convection. The results indicate that within a certain range, increasing the heat transfer temperature difference and the volume fraction of nanoparticles can enhance the strength of thermocapillary convection and improve heat transfer intensity. When the heat transfer temperature difference is large, disturbances will occur inside the rectangular cavity, and the flow becomes more complex. The heat transfer strength of nanofluids is positively correlated with the Marangoni number.
