脾切除术作为治疗脾脏疾病的一种常见手术方式,尽管在某些情况下能够挽救生命,但术后患者面临一系列并发症的风险,其中血栓形成和出血是最为关注的问题。据相关研究显示,脾切除术后患者发生门静脉系统血栓的风险较普通人群高出数倍。因此,术后抗凝治疗显得尤为重要,它不仅能够降低血栓形成的风险,还能在一定程度上减少出血并发症的发生。本综述旨在探讨脾切除术后门静脉系统血栓形成的危险因素及抗凝治疗的最新进展,为临床决策提供科学依据。Splenectomy is a common surgical procedure for treating spleen diseases. Although it can save lives in some cases, patients face a series of complications after surgery, with thrombosis and bleeding being the most concerning issues. According to relevant studies, the risk of portal vein thrombosis in patients after splenectomy is several times higher than that in the general population. Therefore, postoperative anticoagulant therapy is particularly important, as it can not only reduce the risk of thrombosis, but also reduce the occurrence of bleeding complications to a certain extent. This review aims to explore the risk factors of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy and the latest progress in anticoagulant therapy, providing scientific evidence for clinical decision-making.
肛瘘是肛肠外科比较常见的疾病之一,影响患者的生活。本文将综述肛瘘的流行趋势、分类、诊断和现有治疗方法。对各种治疗方法的优缺点进行综述分析,分析不同治疗方法之间的治愈率,指导临床医生不断探索对肛瘘的治疗方法的改进,针对不同类型的肛瘘有最适宜的治疗方法。使临床医生能更好地为患者提供高质量的治疗。Anal fistula is one of the more common diseases in anorectal surgery, which affects patients’ lives. In this paper, we will review the prevalence, classification, diagnosis, and existing treatment methods of anal fistula. The advantages and disadvantages of various treatments will be reviewed and analyzed, and the cure rate between different treatments will be analyzed, so as to guide clinicians to continuously explore the improvement of the treatment of anal fistula and have the most appropriate treatment for different types of anal fistula. This will enable clinicians to better provide patients with high-quality treatment.
