采用改造的GDS全自动环境岩土渗透仪(柔性壁)和南55渗透仪(硬性壁)开展渗透试验,研究温度和试验方法对黏土渗透系数的影响。结果表明:黏土的渗透系数随温度的升高而增大,渗透系数对数值与温度线性正相关,当温度从20℃升高至70℃时,柔性壁和硬性壁渗透试验结果增幅分别为5.5倍和2.7倍。由于两种渗透试验中试样尺寸和制样方法等差异,柔性壁渗透试验所得渗透系数大于相应干密度下硬性壁渗透试验结果。仅考虑流体黏滞系数和密度随温度的变化(即假设固有渗透率为定值)时,渗透系数估算值随温度的变化规律与实测结果一致,渗透系数随温度的变化主要由流体物理性质的变化引起;但渗透系数估算值与实测值有一定差异,固有渗透率并不是定值。柔性壁渗透试验55 k Pa围压下所得固有渗透率随温度的升高而显著增大,渗透系数估算值小于实测值;而硬性壁渗透试验所得固有渗透率随温度的升高略有降低,渗透系数估算值与实测值相差不大。
Urban ecological environment has been seriously destructed,and the objectives of "resource-conserved and environment-friendly society" have had higher requirements on the design of landscape architecture.Intensive design of landscape architecture requires the application of ecology to create better economic and ecological benefits than the original landscape system has,so as to achieve the sustainable utilization of resources and the sustainable development of environment.The authors proposed that by following the Scientific Outlook on Development the intensive utilization of land resources,mountain,water and forest resources,energy resources is the trend of future intensive design of landscape architecture,and also an approach of realizing the coordination of resource development and eco-environment conservation.
