[Objective] This study was to provide basis for the scientific management of land use in Haihe River Basin (HRB) through the quantitative exploration of the land use conversion, changes of intensity and spatial distribution in this region. [Method] With the support of remote sensing technology and geographic information technology, the land use maps of the study area in 40 years (1970-2010) were in- terpreted and plotted. Four kinds of tupu, namely, land use change tupu, process tupu, arising tupu and evolution mode tupu were built through the spatial overlay of the land use maps to analyze the change rules of land use patterns. [Result] The conversion of arable land to construction land was the main characteristics of land use changes in HRB for the 40 years; the area of non-stable region accounted for 35% of the total, indicating that the land use changed remarkably, thus, it was nec- essary to strengthen the scientific land management in HRB; the new conversions to all land use patterns were all the lowest in 1980-1990, indicating that land use changed slowly during this period. [Conclusion] The results indicate that, compared with conventional transfer matrix method, geo-information tupu has obvious advantage in analyzing land use changes that it can demonstrate the spatial distribution of interest region, display the multi-dimensional spatial information.
生态系统服务研究是生态学研究的前沿和热点。对生态系统服务文献发表情况和生态系统服务主要研究方向进行阐述分析。(1)通过Thomson Reuters公司ISI Web of knowledge信息平台提供的Science Citation Index Expanded数据库为数据源检索分析得到:生态系统服务研究从文献数量、作者、国家和机构上近年来都表现出陡增的趋势;最主要的研究国家为美国、英国、德国、澳大利亚和中国;涉及54个学科,不同的国家侧重的研究领域不同;来自258个期刊,55%的文献集中在24个主要期刊上,主要期刊平均影响因子5.976。(2)从生态系统服务评价方法、生态系统内部和生态系统外部驱动因素、基于生态系统服务的生态系统管理4个方面来评述生态系统服务的研究进展。其中生态系统内部驱动主要是指生物多样性和土地利用变化,生态系统外部驱动因素包括自然因素和人为活动。最后,对生态系统服务研究的发展做了展望。