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26 条 记 录,以下是 1-10
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渭库绿洲土壤盐渍化时空变化特征被引量:14
2019年
【目的】探明渭库绿洲土壤盐渍化时空变化特征,分析影响土壤盐渍化遥感监测的植被物候特征和陆面地表参数的重要性,为干旱区绿洲盐渍化及荒漠化的治理提供科学依据。【方法】基于MODIS-NDVI数据反演得到历年植被物候特征,耦合植被指数、干旱指数、影像反射率等陆面地表参数和植被物候特征作为Cubist回归树模型的输入因子,预测渭库绿洲2006—2016年土壤含盐量。【结果】渭库绿洲生长季开始时间集中于5—6月,生长季结束时间集中于11—12月;绿洲内部累积生物量值较高,集中于6.08~9.20;绿洲荒漠过渡带的累积生物量值较低,集中于3.64~6.08;仅用物候参数预测土壤含盐量的精度较低,而耦合物候参数和陆面地表参数预测土壤含盐量的精度(均方根误差RMSE=9.02,可决系数R2=0.72)显著高于只用陆面地表参数(RMSE=12.66,R2=0.22)或只用物候参数预测土壤含盐量的精度(RMSE=13.29,R2=0.12);温度干旱植被指数、绿洲内部累积生物量值、盐分指数、修改型土壤调整植被指数和蓝波段反射率等参数在预测土壤含盐量方面具有较高的相对重要性,表明土壤含水量、植被长势情况、植被累积生物量和可见光反射率是监测盐渍化的重要参数;渭库绿洲区域主要分布的是非盐渍化地和轻盐渍化地,土壤含盐量年平均值为7.08 g·kg^-1a^-1;绿洲农业区内部的土壤含盐量较低,基本上是非盐渍化地;在绿洲东部和南部外围绿洲的土壤含盐量较高,主要是中度盐渍化地;土壤盐渍化主要呈不显著减少趋势,减少幅度集中于0.00~0.764 g·kg-1a^-1;少部分区域呈增加趋势,主要分布在绿洲中部区域和靠近塔里木河的南部区域,增加的幅度集中于0.00~0.742 g·kg^-1a^-1;2007年盐渍化程度最重,土壤含盐量均值为12.68 g·kg^-1, 2011年盐渍化程度最轻,土壤含盐量均值为4.61 g·kg^-1。【结论】运用回归树模型能够建立完备的土
何宝忠丁建丽刘博华王敬哲
关键词:土壤盐渍化植被物候
土壤盐渍化高光谱特征分析与建模被引量:15
2016年
基于高光谱遥感技术快速、无损的检测优势,以新疆渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例,探讨利用反射光谱来预测土壤含盐量的可行性。利用野外采集的土壤样本,在实验室内测得了土壤含盐量及原始光谱反射率。利用光谱分析技术计算高光谱指数,与土壤样本含盐量进行相关性分析,筛选出土壤含盐量的光谱特征波段,基于逐步多元线性回归和偏最小二乘回归建立土壤盐分动态监测模型。通过精度检验,结果表明:基于偏最小二乘回归方法,以对数二阶微分光谱特征波段所构建的盐渍化遥感监测模型最优,模型的稳定性和预测精度最高。利用反射光谱来预测土壤含盐量可实现区域尺度上的土壤盐渍化实时监测和评价。
黄帅丁建丽李相杨爱霞
关键词:土壤盐渍化
Detecting soil salinity with arid fraction integrated index and salinity index in feature space using Landsat TM imagery被引量:14
2013年
Modeling soil salinity in an arid salt-affected ecosystem is a difficult task when using remote sensing data because of the complicated soil context (vegetation cover, moisture, surface roughness, and organic matter) and the weak spectral features of salinized soil. Therefore, an index such as the salinity index (SI) that only uses soil spectra may not detect soil salinity effectively and quantitatively. The use of vegetation reflectance as an indirect indicator can avoid limitations associated with the direct use of soil reflectance. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), as the most common vegetation index, was found to be responsive to salinity but may not be available for retrieving sparse vegetation due to its sensitivity to background soil in arid areas. Therefore, the arid fraction integrated index (AFⅡ) was created as supported by the spectral mixture analysis (SMA), which is more appropriate for analyzing variations in vegetation cover (particularly halophytes) than NDVI in the study area. Using soil and vegetation separately for detecting salinity perhaps is not feasible. Then, we developed a new and operational model, the soil salinity detecting model (SDM) that combines AFⅡ and SI to quantitatively estimate the salt content in the surface soil. SDMs, including SDM1 and SDM2, were constructed through analyzing the spatial characteristics of soils with different salinization degree by integrating AFⅡ and SI using a scatterplot. The SDMs were then compared to the combined spectral response index (COSRI) from field measurements with respect to the soil salt content. The results indicate that the SDM values are highly correlated with soil salinity, in contrast to the performance of COSRI. Strong exponential relationships were observed between soil salinity and SDMs (R2〉0.86, RMSE〈6.86) compared to COSRI (R2=0.71, RMSE=16.21). These results suggest that the feature space related to biophysical properties combined with AFII and SI can effectively
Fei WANGXi CHENGePing LUOJianLi DINGXianFeng CHEN
关键词:HALOPHYTES
结合无人机航空摄影测量的河道流量估算被引量:19
2021年
河道流量的获取是水资源开发及生态保护的基础。但在缺少资料地区,如何方便、准确的获取流量资料仍然是一个难题。随着无人机航空摄影测量的发展,为解决该问题提供了新的数据源和思路。本研究利用无人机航空摄影获取的高精度的DOM(Digital Orthophoto Map)与DSM(Digital Surface Model),结合经典曼宁公式河道流量算法,深度挖掘航测数据记录的地表高程信息,提出了一种河道流量估算的新方法。研究计算了中国西北典型无资料区准格尔盆地的卡赞营、博尔通古、安集海、大河沿子和二叉河等5个典型断面的流量。与实测流量对比分析得出如下结论:5个计算断面流量平均相对误差为10.74%,最小相对误差为1.43%,均方根误差RMSE(Root Mean Squared Error)为4.82 m^(3)/s,平均百分比误差MPE(Mean Percentage Error)为0.065,证明了将无人机数据与曼宁公式相结合的方法在径流估算上的可行性。本研究发挥了无人机航空摄影快速、便捷、高精度获取河道基础信息的优势,论证了无人机航空摄影测量数据与经典流量公式相结合的可行性,为缺少资料地区径流资料的获取提供新思路。研究结果为缺少资料区水资源开发和生态保护提供了重要数据,同时为复杂水文模式的简化处理在缺少资料地区模拟计算提供了重要的验证数据。
杨胜天王鹏飞王娟娄和震巩同梁
关键词:无人机曼宁公式
基于三维特征空间的土壤盐渍化遥感模型被引量:12
2015年
针对目前干旱半干旱地区出现的土壤盐渍化问题,以渭干河—库车河流域绿洲为研究区,在分析修改型土壤调整植被指数(MSAVI)、湿度指数(WI)、盐分指数(SI)与土壤盐渍化之间关系的基础上,提出了MSAVI-WI-SI三维特征空间,进而建立了土壤盐渍化监测指数(MWSI)模型。结果表明:该模型与土壤盐分实测值的相关系数R=0.896,精度高于三个指数两两构建的特征空间(MSAVI-WI特征空间,MSAVI-SI特征空间,WI-SI特征空间)的土壤盐渍化监测指数模型(MWI,MSI,WSI),其与土壤盐分实测值的相关系数分别为:0.891,0.894,0.809,突出了三维特征空间的优势。同时,通过MWSI的差异矩阵分析,表明该指数对土壤的盐渍化程度反映灵敏。MWSI能较好地反映盐渍化土壤地表植被、土壤水分及土壤盐分的组合变化,具有明确的生物物理学意义。并且指数简单,易于获取,操作方便,对今后干旱区土壤盐渍化的监测与分析具有重要意义。
李艳华丁建丽孙永猛王刚王璐
关键词:盐渍化
Snowmelt modeling using two melt-rate models in the Urumqi River watershed, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China被引量:3
2019年
In this paper,the performance of the classic snowmelt runoff model(SRM)is evaluated in a daily discharge simulation with two different melt models,the empirical temperature-index melt model and the energy-based radiation melt model,through a case study from the data-sparse mountainous watershed of the Urumqi River basin in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China.The classic SRM,which uses the empirical temperature-index method,and a radiation-based SRM,incorporating shortwave solar radiation and snow albedo,were developed to simulate daily runoff for the spring and summer snowmelt seasons from 2005 to 2012,respectively.Daily meteorological and hydrological data were collected from three stations located in the watershed.Snow cover area(SCA)was extracted from satellite images.Solar radiation inputs were estimated based on a digital elevation model(DEM).The results showed that the overall accuracy of the classic SRM and radiation-based SRM for simulating snowmeltdischarge was relatively high.The classic SRM outperformed the radiation-based SRM due to the robust performance of the temperature-index model in the watershed snowmelt computation.No significant improvement was achieved by employing solar radiation and snow albedo in the snowmelt runoff simulation due to the inclusion of solar radiation as a temperature-dependent energy source and the local pattern of snowmelt behavior throughout the melting season.Our results suggest that the classic SRM simulates daily runoff with favorable accuracy and that the performance of the radiation-based SRM needs to be further improved by more ground-measured data for snowmelt energy input.
Muattar SAYDIDING Jian-liVasit SAGANQIN Yan
关键词:SNOWMELTRUNOFFURUMQI
Vegetation fractional coverage change in a typical oasis region in Tarim River Watershed based on remote sensing被引量:12
2013年
Vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) is an important index to describe and evaluate the ecological system. The vegetation index is widely used to monitor vegetation coverage in the field of remote sensing (RS). In this paper, the author conducted a case study of the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers, which is a typical saline area in the Tarim River Watershed. The current study was based on the TM/ETM+ images of 1989, 2001, and 2006, and supported by Geographic Information System (GIS) spatial analysis, vegetation index, and dimidiate pixel model. In addition, VBSl (vegetation, bare soil and shadow indices) suitable for TM/ETM+ irrlages, constructed with FCD (forest canopy density) model principle and put forward by ITTO (International Tropical Timber Organization), was used, and it was applied to estimate the VFC. The estimation accuracy was later prow^n to be up to 83.52%. Further, the study analyzed and appraised the changes in vegetation patterns and revealed a pattern of spatial change in the vegetation coverage of the study area by producing the map of VFC levels in the delta oasis. Forest, grassland, and farmland were the three main land-use types with high and extremely-high coverage, and they played an important role in maintaining the vegetation. The forest area determined the changes of the coverage area, whereas the other two land types affected the directions of change. Therefore, planting trees, protecting grasslands, reclaiming farmlands, and controlling unused lands should be included in a long-term program because of their importance in keeping regional vegetation coverage. Finally, the dynamic variation of VFC in the study area was evaluated according to the quantity and spatial distribution rendered by plant cover diigital images to deeply analyze the reason behind the variation.
Fei ZHANGTashpolat TIYIPJianLi DINGMamat SAWUTVerner Carl JOHNSONNigaraTASHPOLATDongWei GUI
耦合植被物候的新疆绿洲土壤盐分信息挖掘
2022年
随着土壤环境问题涉及的尺度日趋增大,小区域斑块化盐渍化信息的提取难以了解土壤环境总体的变化趋势。本文以野外监测的南北疆典型绿洲区域——渭库绿洲和艾比湖流域为分析靶区,通过实测数据建立土壤–环境关系,并通过MODIS EVI数据反演得到植被物候特征,耦合植被物候、植被指数、盐度指数、地表温度和地形参数作为随机森林(random forest,RF)模型的输入因子,预测新疆绿洲区域土壤盐分含量信息并绘制土壤盐分空间分布图。结果表明:通过深入挖掘植被物候信息,物候参数在预测土壤盐分方面具有较高的相对重要性,代表生物积累量的LSI和SSI参数表征土壤盐渍化的能力较强,优于其他几个物候参数。耦合物候参数后土壤盐分信息预测精度明显提高,决定系数R^(2)从0.53提升到0.61。经模型反复迭代进一步筛选出适合研究区的23个环境参数,大幅提升了预测精度(R^(2)=0.73,RMSE=5.19,MAE=3.59)。从得到的盐渍化空间分布特征来看,新疆绿洲大部分区域分布的是非盐渍化土和轻盐渍化土,且普遍分布在绿洲内部,中度及以上盐渍化土多分布在绿洲外围,总体盐渍化水平依次为:伊犁平原<北疆绿洲<南疆绿洲<东疆绿洲。
蒙莉娜丁建丽张振华
关键词:土壤盐渍化植被物候
星-机一体的水力几何形态流量估算方法被引量:9
2020年
河川径流变化的监测是水资源开发及生态建设的基础。但我国仍然存在大范围的水文资料匮乏地区,水资源储量及变化资料的缺失制约着区域社会经济发展。低空遥感及卫星遥感数据能快捷方便地获取河流信息,为此将卫星遥感数据与低空遥感数据相结合,依据水力几何形态理论,通过低空遥感数据建立表征河流水力几何形态的数字模型,在卫星遥感长序列数据的支持下进行流量估算研究,为水文资料匮乏区的中小河流流量监测提供一种新方法。选取位于新疆的玉龙喀什河为研究区,建立表征河流水力几何形态的数字模型,应用卫星遥感数据计算23次不同时期的流量。将计算结果与水文站实测数据对比验证,结果表明,当流量小于200 m^3/s时,基于水面宽的水力几何形态流量估算方法效果较好,其中均方根误差结果为4.65 m^3/s,对该地区进行精细化的水资源管理时具有较强的参考价值;当流量大于200 m^3/s时,同时使用水深和水面宽的水力几何形态流量估算方法具有更好的精度评价结果,80%的流量估算结果在许可误差范围内,对该地区的洪水预报具有参考意义。
王鹏飞杨胜天王娟潘天力章四龙巩同梁
关键词:无人机卫星遥感水力几何形态
渭-库绿洲土壤剖面盐分分布特征及驱动因子分析被引量:10
2019年
[目的]监测渭-库绿洲土壤盐渍化的空间分布特征,探究驱动因子作用机理,对当地因地制宜进行土壤盐渍化调控。[方法]采用决策树、克里金插值和灰色关联度分析研究了渭-库绿洲土壤盐渍化的剖面分布特征,着重分析了样本点海拔、植被覆盖度、地下水位、TW( I 地形湿度指数)、地下水矿化度5个驱动因子对土壤盐渍化的影响。[结果]①研究区表层土壤(0~10 cm)属于重度盐渍化土壤,10~20、20~40、40~60 cm各深度剖面土壤属于中度盐渍化土壤。土壤EC1:5有强的空间变异性,其分布格局受灌溉等人为驱动因素的影响较大。②绿洲内部(即耕作区)表层土壤属于非盐渍化区域,绿洲东部10~20、20~40、40~60cm土层有轻、中度的盐渍化现象。绿洲内部表层以下土壤盐分高于表层,绿洲存在潜在的盐渍化风险。耕作区外围绿洲-荒漠交错带区域各剖面层均属于盐渍化区域,随着剖面深度的增加,盐渍化程度在不断减弱。③样本点海拔、植被覆盖度、地下水位、TWI、地下水矿化度与土壤EC1:5的灰色关联度大小次序为:0~10 cm土层:地下水矿化度>TWI>样本点的海拔>植被覆盖度>地下水位;10~20、20~40 cm土层:地下水矿化度>样本点的海拔>TWI>植被覆盖度>地下水位。[结论]渭-库绿洲土壤盐渍化主要分布在绿洲-荒漠交错带区域,土壤盐分表聚强烈,地下水矿化度是造成该研究区土壤盐渍化问题的首要原因。
李艳菊丁建丽米热古力·艾尼瓦尔
关键词:土壤盐分绿洲决策树灰色关联分析
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