There exists MUSIC (multiple signal classification) algorithm for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation. This paper is to present a different MUSIC algorithm for more accurate estimation of low altitude target. The possibility of better performance is analyzed using a void reference sensor (VRS) in MUSIC algorithm. The following two topics are discussed: 1) the time delay formula and VRS-MUSIC algorithm with VRS located on the minus of z-axes; 2) the DOA estimation results of VRS-MUSIC and MUSIC algorithms. The simulation results show VRS-MUSIC algorithm has three advantages compared with MUSIC: 1) When the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is more than-5 dB, the direction estimation error is 1/2 as much as that obtained by MUSIC; 2) The side lobe is more lower and the stability is better; 3) The size of array that the algorithm requires is smaller.
基于相位匹配原理的奇异值分解法(Singular value decomposition based on signal phase matching,SVDSPM)的波达方向估计的均方根误差在高信噪比下无法逼近克拉美罗界,针对该问题提出了基于相位匹配原理的修正奇异值分解法(Modified singular value decomposition based on signal phase matching,MSVDSPM)。该方法将阵列接收信号转换到频域,取相位匹配后各阵元中心频点频谱与其均值差值的距离平方和的倒数作为方向估计算子。仿真表明MSVDSPM方向估计的均方根误差可以在高信噪比下逼近克拉美罗界。MSVDSPM保持了SVDSPM在单源入射时的尖锐谱峰,它等价于常规波束形成方法,并且其主瓣宽度与分析频率无关。
