The vertical structure of the atmospheric ozone and temperature as well as the seasonal variations is presented by using ozone sounding data at Zhongshan Station over East Antarctica from February, 2008 to February, 2009. The results show that the heights of thermal tropopause and ozone tropopause are mostly the same with yearly mean 7.9 and 7.4 km separately above the station. There is obvious seasonal variation in the pressure and temperature of the tropopause, manifested by the clear one-wave pattern with an opposite phase. As the turning point of the tropopause temperature is visible in autumn and faint in spring and winter, the tropopause height can be better confirmed by utilization of the changes of ozone. Seasonal variation of the tropospheric ozone of vertical distribution is not clear, relative to stratosphere. In the spring, ozone in the low level of stratosphere lost seriously. The minimum partial ozone in 14 km was 1.57 MPa only and the maximum partial ozone occurred in the up level stratosphere. In the rest of the season the ozone increases with height rising in the low level of stratosphere. The evidence shows that ozone lost in spring is closely related with low temperature of polar night and the process of PSC photochemical destruction ozone in the stratosphere. From the vertical characteristics and seasonal variation of ozone and temperature, it is meaningful to understand formation and development of Antarctic ozone deletion.
The Antarctic and Arctic are sensitive to global climate change; therefore, they are key regions of global climate change research. This paper, the progress in scientific investigations and research regarding the atmosphere in the polar regions over the last 30 years by Chinese scientists is summarized. Primary understanding of the relationship between the polar regions and global change, especially, the variations in time and space in the Antarctic and Arctic regions with respect to climate change is indicated. Operational weather forecasts for investigation of the polar regions have also been established. Moreover, changes in sea ice and their impact on the atmosphere of polar regions have been diagnosed and simulated. Parameterization of the atmospheric boundary layer of different underlying layers and changes in the atmospheric ozone in the polar region has also been experimented. Overall, there has been great progress in studies of the possible impact of changes in the atmospheric environment of polar regions on circulation in East Asia and the climate of China.
Seasonal variation in surface ozone and the relationship between the background ozone concentration and wind were evaluated at Zhongshan Station,Antarctica using 2008 data.The wind frequency from the station area was only 2%,while the prevailing wind frequency was much larger (79.2%).This indicates that the surface ozone observations were not affected by the human activities at the station,and therefore could be counted as background concentrations of surface ozone along Antarctic coast.The concentration of surface ozone shows a distinct annual variation with the yearly mean of 25.0 nmol mol-1 and the maximum in winter,the minimum in summer.The surface ozone concentration had a strong negative correlation with ultraviolet radiation,and the mean values during polar night were one to two times higher than those in summer.These results imply that photochemical destruction of ozone dominates over Antarctica.The ozone depletion events at Zhongshan Station were obviously related to lower temperatures and higher BrO concentrations.Backward trajectory analysis reveals that the ozone depletion events are predominately caused by the high BrO concentrations.
WANG YuTingBIAN LinGenMA YongFengTANG JieZHANG DongQiZHENG XiangDong
