目的获得普通话噪声下言语测试(mandarin hearing in noise test,MHINT)材料的年龄适用范围,并探讨左右侧噪声、信号与噪声空间分离优势等因素对言语识别能力的影响。方法使用MHINT测试材料对80名14～17周岁正常听力、母语为普通话的青少年按不同年龄(每周岁一组,共分4组)进行四种环境下(安静环境、前方噪声环境、右侧噪声环境,左侧噪声环境)的测试,将获得的言语识别阈(SRT)与成人组结果进行比较。结果14岁组和15岁组与成人组四种测试环境下SRT及空间分离优势差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);16岁组和17岁组与成人组四种测试环境下SRT及空间分离优势差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。除15岁组外,其余各组左右侧噪声环境下SRT差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论成人版MHINT是一种快速有效的评估安静和噪声环境下听觉言语交流能力的测试,可推荐用于正常听力16周岁及以上的人群。
目的研究听觉系统发育成熟度对母语普通话儿童安静及噪声环境下言语识别能力的影响,获得声场下儿童版普通话噪声下言语测试(Mandarin hearing in noise test for children,MHINT-C)各年龄组的校准因子。方法选取听力正常、母语为普通话、年龄6～17周岁儿童(每年龄组20人左右)及18～25周岁成人(20人)为受试者,进行声场下安静环境及噪声前方、噪声侧方环境的MHINT测试,获得各年龄组儿童和成人在各测试环境下的言语识别阈(speech reception threshold,SRT),并通过比较分析获得各年龄组儿童的校准因子。结果获得了各组受试者在安静环境和三种噪声环境下的SRT,安静环境下成人组SRT与6、7、8岁各组儿童SRT差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),噪声环境下成人组SRT与6～13周岁各组SRT差异均有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。建立了6～13周岁儿童声场下MHINT-C测试的年龄校准因子。结论本研究建立了6～13周岁儿童声场下MHINT-C测试的年龄校准因子,为临床对听力损失儿童的早期干预和康复提供理论依据和指导。
Background The popularization and promotion of gene diagnosis technology makes it possible to detect deafness genes for children with congenital hearing impairment, and the proportion of gap junction protein beta 2 （GJB2） gene mutations in cochlear implant patients is 26.5%. We did follow-up evaluation on auditory rehabilitation effect for all 31 deaf children with GJB2 gene mutation after cochlear implantation to provide a reference for such patients. Methods Application of ＂the genetic deafness gene chip detection kit＂ and ＂gene complete sequence analysis＂ were applied to conduct detection on common genetic deafness gene mutation hotspots of the hearing impaired children with cochlear implantation. To conduct auditory rehabilitation effect evaluation on all 31 cases of patients with GJB2 genetic deafness after 3, 6 and 12 months of the operation respectively. The single factor repeated measure analysis of variance （ANOVA） was applied to analysis whether there were significant difference among the results of initial consonant of a Chinese syllable recognition at 3 different stages after the operation, the results of vowel of a Chinese syllable recognition at 3 different stages after the operation, and the results of two-syllable recognition at 3 different stages after the operation. Results The 235delC is the high-incidence mutational site in 31 cases of patients with GJB2 genetic deafness, and the total detection rate is up to 90.3% （28/31）. There were significant differences in the initial consonant and the vowel of a Chinese syllable recognition rate, and the two-syllable recognition rates at 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation （P 〈0.01）. Conclusion Cochlear implantation is a safe and effective measure for auditory reconstruction, enabling patients with GJB2 hereditary severe sensorineural deafness to achieve auditory speech recognition effectively.
