Background: While blood product transfusion is essential for managing hematologic deficits in Allogenic Hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) recipients, it has risks including infectious disease transmission, alloimmunization, and transfusion reactions. These risks have sparked an ongoing debate regarding the overall impact of transfusions on patient outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) and/or platelet transfusion on the infection incidence and overall survival in AHSCT patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of sixty adult patients with primary malignant hematological disorder who had undergone AHSCT. Participants’ data were categorized into two groups;Group 1 (low transfusion group) consisted of patients receiving 10 units. Quantitative data were expressed as mean ± SD. The t-test of significance and Chi-square (χ2) test were used, with p ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Result: A total of 60 patients’ data was included. In Group 1, out of 30 patients, 13 (43.33%) developed infections. In contrast, Group 2 had 21 (70%) out of 30 patients develop infections. Group 1 had a higher survival rate (57.8%) than Group 2 (transfusion > 10 units) (46.2%) with a chi-square value = 23.56, and p-value Conclusion: The volume of blood product transfusions has a considerable impact on patient outcomes, particularly infection and survival rates. Additional long-term prospective studies and larger randomized controlled trials are needed to strengthen the evidence for determining transfusion protocols for these patients.
Amer Saud AL-HumaidanSaleh Saud AlmutairiMohammed Hussain KhubraniRaffah Mahdi BajudahWaleed Mohammad AlzabidiMohammed Hafiz AlmasabiBader Mohammed Saleh AlhomaidWaad Ali AlshehriWejdan Saleh AlghamdiRaghad Abdullah Alwthinani
To enhance the transplants’growth and reduce energy use efficiency,Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)transplants(cv.Jingqie 21)were cultivated in a plant factory laboratory under different LED light spectrums.The experimental treatments included white plus blue LED lights(R:B=0.5,WB0.5),white LED lights(R:B=0.9,W0.9),white plus red LED lights(R:B=2.7,WR2.7),white plus red plus UV lights(R:B=3.8,WRUV3.8),and red plus blue plus green LED lights(R:B=5.4,RBG5.4).The transplants were grown for 30 d under a light intensity of 250μmol/m2·s and a photoperiod of 16 h/d.The morphological indicators and biomass accumulation of eggplant transplants were significantly higher in the W0.9 treatment compared to the other experimental treatments.The photosynthetic quantum yield in the W0.9 treatment exhibited an increase of over 22%compared to that in the WR2.7 treatment.The shoot dry weight of the W0.9 treatment reached(381±41)mg/plant and the leaf area was(113.3±8.9)cm^(2),indicating a higher health index compared to the other treatments.However,there were no significant differences in the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves among all treatments.The energy yield(EY)of the W0.9 treatment was(37.7±1.8)g/kW·h,which was higher than others.Therefore,considering the high quality of transplants and the maximization of energy use efficiency,the LED light spectrum in the eggplant transplants production was recommended to the white LED light with an R:B ratio of 0.9.
Background: The allo-immune response following organ transplantation constitutes one of the main determinants concerning both short- and long- term outcomes in renal graft recipients. Chemokines and their receptors play a diversified and important role, either homeostatic or inflammatory and direct different immune-competent cell types to the allograft. While deeply studied in the last two decades, controversy persists as a result of chemokines’ pleiotropic actions. We report our analysis of CCR1, CCR3, CCR7, CCL5 and CX3CL1 expression or synthesis by graft-infiltrating cells in human kidney transplants (KTx). At the same time, we tested their robustness in diagnosing acute rejection. Methods: Fine-needle aspiration biopsies (Fnab) were performed either on days 7 or 14 post-transplantation among stable KTx and on the day of acute rejection (AR) diagnosis. Fnab cytopreparations were studied by the enzymatic avidin-biotin complex staining for CCR1, CCR3, CCR7 and CX3CL1. From another subgroup of cases, Fnab samples were cultured for 48 hours and the supernatants were analysed for CCL5 by ELISA. Results: The group of AR cases showed a significantly up-regulated expression of CCR1, CCR3, CCR7 and CX3CL1 and a significantly higher synthesis of CCL5. The positive predictive values were respectively 92%, 97%, 85%, 76% and 78% and negative predictive values were by the same order, 100%, 73%, 100%, 98% and 83%. Conclusions: Our study permits us to advance that CCR1 and CCR3 play a significant and non-redundant role in acute rejection, and it is the first report of CCR3 association with rejection, probably related to CCL5. The presence inside the graft of significant up-regulation for CCR7 surmises that part of antigen presentation may be performed there without being restricted to secondary lymphoid sites. Our results with CX3CL1 confirm other reports.
Data from studies analyzing the differentiation and functional connectivity of embryo nic neural tissue grafted into the mammalian nervous system has led to the clinical testing of the fetal graft approach in patients with neurodegenerative disease.While some success has been achieved,ethical concerns have led to a search for alternative therapeutic strategies,mostly exploring the use of neural precursors or neurons derived from pluripotent stem cells to replace damaged host neurons and restore lost circuitries.These more recent studies address questions of graft viability,differentiation,and connectivity similar to those posed by researchers in earlier fetal transplant work,thus reviews of the fetal graft literature may inform and help guide ongoing research in the stem cell/organoid field.This brief review describes some key observations from research into the transplantation of neural tissue into the rat visual syste m,focusing on grafts of the fetal supe rior colliculus(tectal grafts) into neonatal or adult hosts.In neonate hosts,grafts quickly develop connections with the underlying host mid b rain and attain a morphology typical of mature grafts by about 2 weeks.G rafts consistently contain numerous localized regions which,based on neurofibrillar staining,neuronal morphology(Golgi),neurochemistry,receptor expression,and glial architecture,are homologous to the stratum griseum supe rficiale of normal superior colliculus.These localized "patches" are also seen after explant culture and when donor tectal tissue is dissociated and reaggregated prior to transplantation.In almost all circumstances,host retinal innervation is restricted to these localized patches,but only those that are located adjacent to the graft surfa ce.Synapses are formed and there is evidence of functional drive.The only exception occurs when Schwann cells are added to dissociated tecta prior to reaggregation.In these co-grafts,the peripheral glia appear to compete with local target fa ctors and host retinal ingrowth is more widespread.Othe
BACKGROUND Pancreas transplant is the only treatment that establishes normal glucose levels for patients diagnosed with diabetes.However,since 2005,no comprehensive analysis has compared survival outcomes of:(1)Simultaneous pancreas-kidney(SPK)transplant;(2)Pancreas after kidney(PAK)transplant;and(3)Pancreas transplant alone(PTA)to waitlist survival.AIM To explore the outcomes of pancreas transplants in the United States during the decade 2008-2018.METHODS Our study utilized the United Network for Organ Sharing Standard Transplant Analysis and Research file.Pre-and post-transplant recipient and waitlist characteristics and the most recent recipient transplant and mortality status were used.We included all patients with type I diabetes listed for pancreas or kidneypancreas transplant between May 31,2008 and May 31,2018.Patients were grouped into one of three transplant types:SPK,PAK,or PTA.RESULTS The adjusted Cox proportional hazards models comparing survival between transplanted and non-transplanted patients in each transplant type group showed that patients who underwent an SPK transplant exhibited a significantly reduced hazard of mortality[hazard ratio(HR)=0.21,95%confidence intervals(CI):0.19-0.25]compared to those not transplanted.Neither PAK transplanted patients(HR=1.68,95%CI:0.99-2.87)nor PTA patients(HR=1.01,95%CI:0.53-1.95)experienced significantly different hazards of mortality compared to patients who did not receive a transplant.CONCLUSION When assessing each of the three transplant types,only SPK transplant offered a survival advantage compared to patients on the waiting list.PKA and PTA transplanted patients demonstrated no significant differences compared to patients who did not receive a transplant.
Tambi JarmiEmily BrennanJacob ClendenonAaron C Spaulding
我们要求撤回2008年Lancet杂志刊登的《Clinical transplantation of a tissue-engineered airway》的文章,作者是Macchiarini及其同事1。该文曾被国际媒体誉为"世界首例组织工程器官移植"。作者之一的Martin Birchall告诉英国广播公司"20年后,差不多所有移植器官都可以通过这种方式制造"2。这些夸大其词并未实现,因为几乎所有接受"组织工程气道"的患者都死亡了3。尽管2018年5月Lancet杂志已获悉文章中的关键发现是错误的,而且我们和其他人也相继要求撤回该文章,但遭Lancet杂志拒绝,未提供任何解释。
Leonid SchneiderPatricia MurrayRaphaël LévyPeter Wilmshurst周全(译)
