Liver cancer,and in particular hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a disease of rising prevalence and incidence.To date,definitive treatment options include either surgical excision or ablation of the affected area.With increasing research on several pathways that could be involved in the progression of HCC,new elements within these pathways emerge as potential targets for novel therapies.The WNT/β-catenin pathway favors the presence of M2 tumor-associated macrophages which in turn promote tumor growth and metastasis.The inhibition of this pathway is considered a good candidate for such targeted therapeutic interventions.Interestingly,as Huang et al show in their recently published article,Calculus bovis which is used in traditional Chinese medicine can exert an inhibitory effect on theβ-catenin pathway and become a potential candidate for targeted pharmacotherapy against liver cancer.
Inflammatory bowel disease,particularly Crohn's disease(CD),has been linked to modifications in mesenteric adipose tissue(MAT)and the phenomenon known as"creeping fat"(CrF).The presence of CrF is believed to serve as a predictor for early clinical recurrence following surgical intervention in patients with CD.Notably,the incorporation of the mesentery during ileocolic resection for CD has been correlated with a decrease in surgical recurrence,indicating the significant role of MAT in the pathogenesis of CD.While numerous studies have indicated that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota is a critical factor in the development of CD,the functional implications of translocated microbiota within the MAT of CD patients remain ambiguous.This manuscript commentary discusses a recent basic research conducted by Wu et al.In their study,intestinal bacteria from individuals were transplanted into CD model mice,revealing that fecal microbiota trans-plantation(FMT)from healthy donors alleviated CD symptoms,whereas FMT from CD patients exacerbated these symptoms.Importantly,FMT was found to affect intestinal permeability,barrier function,and the levels of proinflammatory factors and adipokines.Collectively,these findings suggest that targeting MAT and CrF may hold therapeutic potential for patients with CD.However,the study did not evaluate the composition of the intestinal microbiota of the donors or the subsequent alterations in the gut microbiota.Overall,the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the histopathology of CD,and thus,targeting MAT and CrF may represent a promising avenue for treatment in this patient population.
Immunity and senescence play a crucial role in the functioning of the legume symbiotic nodules.The miss-regulation of one of these processes compromises the symbiosis leading to death of the endosymbiont and the arrest of the nodule functioning.The relationship between immunity and senescence has been exten-sively studied in plant organs where a synergistic response can be observed.However,the interplay be-tween immunity and senescence in the symbiotic organ is poorly discussed in the literature and these phe-nomena are often mixed up.Recent studies revealed that the cooperation between immunity and senescence is not always observed in the nodule,suggesting complex interactions between these two pro-cesses within the symbiotic organ.Here,we discuss recent results on the interplay between immunity and senescence in the nodule and the specificities of this relationship during legume-rhizobium symbiosis.
3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine(T3)is a key endocrine hormone in the human body that plays crucial roles in growth,development,metabolism,and immune function.Macrophages,the key regulatory cells within the immune system,exhibit marked“heterogeneity”and“plasticity”,with their phenotype and function subject to modulation by local environmental signals.The interplay between the endocrine and immune systems is well documented.Numerous studies have shown that T3 significantly target macrophages,highlighting them as key cellular components in this interaction.Through the regulation of macrophage function and phenotype,T3 influences immune function and tissue repair in the body.This review comprehensively summarizes the regulatory actions and mechanisms of T3 on macrophages,offering valuable insights into further research of the immunoregulatory effects of T3.
High-quality development requires both development-oriented and government-oriented reforms.SINCE 1978,China's policy of reform and opening-up has been pivotal in propelling the nation toward big achievements.Its distinct and unique path of development has been a success due to a system and mechanisms that have been continually fine-tuned and strengthened through ongoing reforms.
Topological insulators occupy a prominent position in the realm of condensed matter physics. Nevertheless, the presence of strong disorder has the potential to disrupt the integrity of topological states, leading to the localization of all states.This study delves into the intricate interplay between topology and localization within the one-dimensional Su–Schrieffer–Heeger(SSH) model, which incorporates controllable off-diagonal quasi-periodic modulations on superconducting circuits.Through the application of external alternating current(ac) magnetic fluxes, each transmon undergoes controlled driving,enabling independent tuning of all coupling strengths. Within a framework of this model, we construct comprehensive phase diagrams delineating regions characterized by extended topologically nontrivial states, critical localization, and coexisting topological and critical localization phases. The paper also addresses the dynamics of qubit excitations, elucidating distinct quantum state transfers resulting from the intricate interplay between topology and localization. Additionally, we propose a method for detecting diverse quantum phases utilizing existing experimental setups.
Recently,Deng et al.[1] found a new twist to the intriguing physics resulting from the interplay between Kondo correlation and superconductivity.Kondo correlation [2,3] and superconductivity [4,5] are two fundamental phenomena in condensed matter physics,and various novel physics have been discovered from their interplay.
Deoxyribozyme(DNAzyme)and its substrate hybridization are crucial for achieving desirable detection performance in the DNAzyme coupling nanomaterial biosensor system.However,interfacial factors such as electrostatic repulsion,steric hindrance,and nonspecific adsorption from gold nanoparticles make this hybridization process complicated and challenging.Moreover,the DNAzyme structure changes with different application purposes,which might affect the DNAzyme and substrate's connection.Few studies have focused on the interplay of DNAzyme and interfacial factors in the biosensor field.In this work,three types of DNAzyme variants were designed,and their biosensor performance rules were studied and summarized with the synergistic effect of interfacial factors.Additionally,corresponding biosensor applications,such as multiple modulation functions and mi RNA detections,were constructed based on the distinct principles of DNAzyme variants.
Nonmagnetic impurity scattering is known to shift up the Ginzburg-Landau parameter k of a superconductor.In this case,when the system is initially in type I,it can change its magnetic response,crossing the intertype domain with k~1 between the two standard superconductivity types and arriving at type II.In the present work we demonstrate that the impact of disorder can be much more profound in the presence of the multiband structure of the charge carrier states.In particular,when the band diffusivities differ from each other,the intertype domain tends to expand significantly,including points with k>>1 that belong to deep type-Ⅱ in conventional single-band superconductors.Our finding sheds light on the nontrivial disorder effect and significantly complements earlier results on the enlargement of the intertype domain in clean multiband superconductors.
Since 1978,China's policy of reform and opening up has been pivotal in propelling the nation toward big achievements.Its distinct and unique path of development has thrived due to a system and mechanisms that have been continually finetuned and strengthened through ongoing reforms.Today,the country enters a new stage of modernization,one with Chinese characteristics.